Mechanical study point

Rankine cycle : It is produce the electrical energy  from heat energy    It consist of pump condenser ,boiler and turbine . it is works on four reversible process  two isobaric process and two isentropic process . Working process : Boiler is works on the constant pressure produce the the steam which steam produce the supersaturated steam by super heater at constant pressure then steam is expand in the nozzle and blade of turbine and turbine blade start rotation / mechanical energy, exhausted steam is cooled by condenser then steam pump is delivered the water to the boiler. 

Kinematic theory of gas :                 Pressure is produce due to gas molecular collision               Average kinetic energy of gas is depend on molecule of gas               Kinematic energy of gas (K) = 1/2.MV2 = 3/2 kT Where m is the mass of gas and k is Boltzmann constant , V is velocity of gas molecule and T is the temperature of gas. Thermal expansion : Material expand due to temperature rise length will also increase  L = l.t.(apha) Where alpha is coefficient of thermal  expansion  Stefan Boltzmann constant :   first statement : Power is directly proportional to fourth power of absolute temperature  P =kT4 Second law of thermodynamics : Power is directly proportional to area . P = kA So                P =sigma .AT4     Entropy : It is the property of which show the degree of randomnes...

Second law of thermodynamics : It is escalated the entropy of system. The sum of  entropy of surrounding  and system should be zero .  S>Constant    Kelvin planks statement : It is impossible in cyclic process  to construct the engine which produce the total energy is converted into mechanical energy . the efficiency of engine should be zero .      Clausius statement : It is impossible to construct a device which operated in cyclic process heat is transfer to      cold body to hotter body without any external agent is called Clausius law . PMM2 : It is work on the second law of thermodynamics which produce the work  while interacting the  a single heat reservoir is called PMM2 and it is violets the 2nd law of thermodynamics .   Entropy = Heat added / absolute   temperature     More video available on :  msp13.blogspot.com

Air standard cycle  Otto cycle :   Petrol engine works on the Otto cycle it consist of two isochoric process and two isentropic process. working process : In this cycle , the air and fuel are compressed in the Isentropic process as in process 1-2 and Compressed fuel mixture ignite by spark plug at isochoric process as 2-3 process  fuel mixture will burn and produce the high pressure and heat so piston will move sudden and produce power as 3-4 process . After combustion process the removing combustion gas from chamber at isochoric process . Efficiency  =  Where r is compression ratio.    

    Air standard  cycle :                                                         Diesel cycle : Diesel engine work on the diesel cycle and it consist of two isentropic process and one isobaric process , one  isochoric process .     Isentropic process : Compression process : Air is compress at isentropic process  Isobaric process : Heat addition , increasing pressure of gas at isobaric process  Isentropic process : Expansion process , Where fuel and compressed air contact so fuel will burn and produce heat and pressure so power will generate . Isochoric process : Where the exhausted gas is remove from combustion chamber at isochoric process Below diagram between pressure and volume & entropy and temperature   Efficiency of diesel cycle : Output / Input Where the r is compression ra...